Using Locks Safely on the Canals
Whether you’re enjoying a leisurely cruise or a scenic day out, navigating a lock is one of the most iconic—and important—aspects of canal boating in the UK. While locks may seem daunting at first glance, using them safely is easy once you understand how they work and follow some basic guidelines. This blog is a comprehensive, beginner-friendly guide to using canal locks safely, particularly suited for those embarking on a canal boat day hire experience.
What is a Canal Lock?
A canal lock is a chamber with gates at either end, used to raise or lower boats between stretches of water of different levels. They’re a key feature of the British canal network, developed centuries ago to allow navigation through hilly terrain.
When boating, you’ll regularly encounter locks, and understanding how to operate them carefully is essential for safety—yours, your passengers', and that of the boat itself.
Before You Reach the Lock
Preparation is key when approaching any lock.
1. Slow Down and Observe
Begin to reduce speed well in advance. Approach slowly and look out for signs, mooring points, and any other boats already in the lock or waiting. Always give priority to boats already navigating the lock.
2. Brief Your Crew
If you’re on a narrowboat day hire, it's likely you're boating with friends or family who may not be experienced. Take a moment to explain who will do what. Designate roles: one person steering, one person handling the lock gates and paddles.
3. Have Your Windlass Ready
A windlass (or lock key) is required to operate the paddle gear on most locks. Ensure it’s close to hand, but never left on the lock edge—many windlasses have been lost to the depths by being left unattended.
Entering the Lock
1. Check the Lock is in Your Favour
If the water level inside the lock matches the level you’re currently on, the lock is "set" in your favour and you can open the gates to enter. If not, you’ll need to adjust the water level first using the paddles.
2. Use the Paddles with Care
Slowly raise the paddles using your windlass to either empty or fill the lock. Do this gradually—rushing can cause strong currents that throw boats around inside the lock chamber, damaging them or the walls.
3. Open the Gates Fully
Wait until the water levels are equal, then gently push the gates open. Make sure the gates are opened wide enough to allow your boat to enter smoothly without scraping.
4. Move In Slowly
Steer gently into the centre of the lock chamber. Someone should be ready to use a rope to stabilise the boat by looping it around a bollard. Do not tie it off—always hold the rope so it can be loosened if the boat moves.
Inside the Lock
While the boat is in the chamber, here are some essential safety tips:
Stay Clear of the Sides: Keep hands, arms, and legs inside the boat. The space is narrow and unexpected movement could lead to injury.
Mind the Tiller: Never leave the tiller unattended while the boat is moving inside the lock.
Watch the Ropes: Use ropes to keep the boat from drifting, especially when water is entering or exiting the lock. These can help avoid knocking into the gates or walls.
Operating the Paddles
This is where the water level is changed.
Raise Slowly: Whether filling or emptying the lock, open the paddles gradually. Too fast and the sudden water flow could destabilise the boat.
Supervise Children: Paddles and windlasses are heavy and require strength. Only adults should operate them.
Stay on Solid Ground: Never lean over or step into the lock. If the paddle mechanism is stiff, ask for help—never force it from an unsafe angle.
Leaving the Lock
When the water level inside matches the outside level you’re moving to:
Open the Exit Gates: Use your body weight to gently push the gates open.
Move Out Smoothly: Motor forward slowly, ensuring the boat’s back end clears the gates before you turn or accelerate.
Close Everything Behind You: Shut the gates and paddles to conserve water and keep the system ready for the next boater.
Safety Do’s and Don’ts at Locks
✅ Do:
Wear non-slip footwear.
Watch your footing near the edge.
Use the correct equipment (windlass, gloves, ropes).
Maintain good communication with your crew.
❌ Don’t:
Let children operate the gates or paddles.
Climb on gates or jump between lock sides.
Use excessive force on mechanisms.
Leave paddles open when finished.
What If You Encounter a Problem?
Occasionally, a lock gate may be stuck, or the paddle gear may be damaged. Don’t panic.
Stay Calm: Moor up safely and assess the situation.
Don’t Force Anything: Forcing stiff mechanisms could make the problem worse.
Look for Help: On busy stretches, there may be CRT (Canal & River Trust) staff or volunteers nearby. Other boaters can also be a great source of advice.
Sharing Locks with Other Boats
Locks are wide enough for two narrowboats side by side. If another boat is waiting or approaching, it’s courteous and water-efficient to share.
Agree a Plan: Decide which boat goes in first and who’ll operate the gates.
Synchronise Movements: Coordinate raising and lowering paddles.
Stay Centred: Keep boats away from the sides and avoid bumping.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Opening paddles too fast, leading to water turbulence and boat instability.
Leaving paddles open, causing water waste or flooding.
Not using ropes, resulting in drifting or collisions.
Failing to check water levels before opening gates, risking boat damage.
Lock Etiquette and Courtesy
Using locks safely isn’t just about mechanics—it’s also about good manners.
Always thank other boaters who help.
Offer to assist if you’re moored nearby and see someone struggling.
Be patient. Locks take time, especially for those new to boating.
Enjoying Your Day Out
At canal boat day hire, we believe learning to use a lock is one of the joys of narrowboating. It connects you with centuries of canal heritage and gives a sense of accomplishment that adds to the magic of the day.
Even if you're new to boating, you'll quickly pick up the rhythm. Most of all, treat every lock as an opportunity to pause, be present, and enjoy the slower pace of life on the water.
Final Thoughts
Operating locks is one of the most rewarding parts of canal cruising. With a little knowledge, calmness, and cooperation, you’ll soon navigate them with confidence. If you're planning a canal boat day hire, don’t be intimidated—embrace the experience, follow these safety tips, and enjoy the adventure.
Safe cruising!